Themes

1. Interaction between humans and the environment

• Demography and disease
• Migration
  
• Patterns of settlement
• Technology

2. Development and interaction of cultures

• Religions
• Belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies
• Science and technology
• The arts and architecture

3. State-building, expansion, and conflict

• Political structures and forms of governance
• Empires
• Nations and nationalism
• Revolts and revolutions
• Regional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizations

4. Creation, expansion, and interaction of economic systems

• Agricultural and pastoral production
• Trade and commerce
• Labor systems
• Industrialization
• Capitalism and socialism

5. Development and transformation of social structures

• Gender roles and relations
• Family and kinship
• Racial and ethnic constructions
• Social and economic classes